July 2, 1997
                                               Vol. 1 - No. 7

                ==============================

                  THE ORBITAL REPORT ON-LINE

                ==============================

             Space Executive's Weekly News Digest


This issue of Takyon International's latest on-line newsletter
was published in cooperation with New Space. (www.newspace.com)

OReOL covers space industry news, market trends, and provides the
necessary background information for immediate analysis. Please feel
free to contact us for any comment.


=== HEADLINES ===

* One of MIR space station's six main research modules, SPEKTR, was
depressurized on June 25 after a breach was opened in its hull when it
was violently collided by the PROGRESS M34 cargo spacecraft, which was
performing a remotely-controlled rendezvous maneuver. The 7.5-t
resupply ship, which was experimenting a new remote control system,
also caused severe damage to SPEKTR's solar arrays and radiator.
  The crew, composed of two Russian cosmonauts and a US astronaut, was
able to close the damaged module and isolate it from the rest of the
station. No injury was reported.
  In the emergency, the crew disconnected all wires running through the
docking hatch between SPEKTR and MIR's core module. These included
power lines from solar arrays of two of the station's modules, SPEKTR
(launched May 20, 1995) and KRISTALL (launched May 30, 1990), which
jointly supplied about 20 kW of electrical power. MIR now relies on
older, less performing, solar arrays on its core module (launched
February 19, 1986) and the KVANT 1 and KVANT 2 modules (launched March
31, 1987 and November 26, 1989). This loss of power has caused several
failures in the station including stabilization gyrodynes, cooling
systems and onboard computer. Several systems had to be turned off to
save power.
  About 50% of NASA's experiments onboard MIR are stranded in the
SPEKTR module. France's CNES and the Canadian Space Agency have both
reported that none of their science material onboard the station had
been lost or damaged after the accident.
  The crew is expected to remain in the station although it can leave
at any time onboard the SOYUZ TM25 spacecraft.
  RKA, the Russian space agency, plans to operate MIR through 2000.
Three US SPACE SHUTTLE flights, 7 SOYUZ TM manned spacecraft and 11
PROGRESS M unmanned resupply ship are still planned to be launched to
the station through 1999. 

* Space shuttle COLUMBIA lifted off from Kennedy Space Center on July 1
for the STS-94 mission. This is a reflight of the MSL-1 microgravity
science laboratory mission already flown in early April as STS-83 and
interrupted 4 days into flight due to an in-orbit fuel cell failure.
STS-83 cost was estimated at about US$550 million (including US$100
million for the MSL-1 hardware). The reflight is expected to cost less
than US$350 million.

* The INTELSAT 802 communication satellite (36C/6Ku) was successfully
launched by an ARIANE 44P-3 vehicle (V96) on June 25. The 3,440-kg
LOCKHEED MARTIN-built satellite will replace INTELSAT 701 over the
Pacific Ocean Region.


=== BUSINESS ===

* TELECOMUNICACIONES DE MEXICO (TELECOMM) has signed a new contract
with ARIANESPACE for the launch of the 3,550-kg MORELOS 3 communication
satellite (48C/Ku), built by HUGHES, in late 1998. This is
ARIANESPACE's 10th launch contract for 1997.

* HUGHES SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS, of El Segundo, California, has turned
a launch agreement with CHINA GREAT WALL INDUSTRY CORP. (CGWIC) into a
firm contract for one CZ-3 launch in late 1998 and four launches on the
more powerful CZ-3B vehicle. The contract also includes options for
five more launches through 2006. The CZ-3B failed during maiden flight
on February 14, 1996. The vehicle is due to return to flight in early
August to loft Philippine's MABUHAY communication satellite.

* HUGHES SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS, of El Segundo, California, has filed a
lawsuit against LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP., of Bethesda, Maryland, and its
subsidiaries LOCKHEED MARTIN COMMERCIAL SPACE, of Sunnyvale,
California, and INTERNATIONAL LAUNCH SERVICES (ILS), of San Diego,
California, claiming that the latter refused to provide six launches on
PROTON K vehicles at a price fixed under an agreement signed in
November 1994. HUGHES asks for at least US$550 million of damage.
LOCKHEED MARTIN announced it will contest the claim.

* MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CO. (MELCO), of Tokyo, Japan, will provide 46
C-band SSPAs to ALCATEL ESPACE, of Nanterre, France. The SSPAs will be
part of the payload ALCATEL is building for the two INTELSAT 9
satellites under subcontract from SPACE SYSTEMS/LORAL, of Palo Alto,
California. MELCO is also providing a Ku-band beacon transmitter to
MATRA MARCONI SPACE, of Velizy, France, for the INTELSAT K-TV
satellite.


  *********************************************************************
  * As part of the New Space Journal, two interactive columns are now *
  * being published. "Minimum Cost Design" by Arthur Schnitt focuses  *
  * on the MCD criteria and its application to space launch vehicles. *
  * "Reality Check" by Rick Fleeter takes a critical look at current  *
  *   space industry issues and concepts from the perspective of a    *
  *     seasoned veteran. You can view these columns on the web:      *
  *                                                                   *
  *    www.newspace.com/schnitt   -or-   www.newspace.com/fleeter     *
  *********************************************************************


=== MARKETS ===

* The US FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION (FTC) has unconditionally approved
the US$14-billion merger of THE BOEING CO. and McDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP.
The EUROPEAN COMMISSION, in Brussels, Belgium, is still expected to
oppose the deal on July 23, claiming that the merger will place the new
entity in a non-competitive situation on the market of large commercial
aircraft. BOEING and McDONNELL DOUGLAS shareholders are due to meet on
July 25 to approve the merger.

* The US FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (FCC) has awarded operating
licenses to two more global mobile telephony systems relying on
satellite constellations in low Earth orbit. The two new licensees,
CONSTELLATION COMMUNICATIONS INC. (CCI), of Fairfax, Virginia, and
MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS HOLDING INC. (MCHI), of Washington, DC, had been
dismissed on the previous licensing round for the so-called 'Big LEOs'
in January 1995 (FCC then licensed GLOBALSTAR LP, IRIDIUM LLC and
ODYSSEY WORLDWIDE SERVICES). CCI plans to launch 12 ECCO satellites
before 2000 and to later expand its network to 46 satellites; Its main
industrial partners are MATRA MARCONI SPACE and RAYTHEON E-SYSTEMS.
MCHI plans to implement the 16-satellite ELLIPSO network with the
industrial support of HARRIS CORP. and ISRAEL AIRCRAFT INDUSTRIES.

* Australia has completed a AU$1.2-million feasibility study for a
400-kg commercial hyperspectral remote sensing satellite dubbed ARIES-1
(Australian Resource Information and Environment Satellite). The
program is backed by CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial
Research Organisation) and Australia's mining industry. Launch is
tentatively set for 2000.


=== TECHNOLOGIES ===

* The first US element of the INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION (ISS), the
BOEING-built NODE 1, arrived in NASA's Kennedy Space Center, Florida,
on June 23. It will be launched onboard space shuttle ENDEAVOUR in July
1998 and docked to Russian-built FGB which is due to be lofted to orbit
by a PROTON K vehicle a few days earlier.

* NASA's NEAR EARTH ASTEROID RENDEZVOUS (NEAR) spacecraft performed a
successful flyby of asteroid 253 MATHILDE on June 27 on its way to its
final target asteroid 433 EROS which will be reached in February 1999.
Some 500 pictures of the 52-km diameter carbon-rich asteroid were taken
showing details of its dark surface spreaded with craters.

* Japan's National Space Development Agency of Japan has lost control
of its 3.6-t ADVANCED EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITE (ADEOS-1) on June 30.
Attempts to stabilize the spacecraft have apparently been unsuccessful
and the satellite has been declared lost. Dubbed 'Midori', ADEOS-1 had
been launched on August 17, 1996. An ADEOS-2 is prepared for launch in
1999.


  ********************************************************************
  *                  THE ORBITAL REPORT NEWS AGENCY                  *
  *           Takyon International's Internet News Service           *
  *                     was inaugurated on July 1                    *
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=== PREVIEW ===

* July 4     NASA's MARS PATHFINDER is due to perform hard-landing
             on Mars in the Ares Vallis region.

* July 5     Launch of the PROGRESS M35 cargo to Mir on a SOYUZ U
             vehicle from Baykonur, Kazakhstan.

* July 7     A McDonnell Douglas DELTA 2 vehicle is planned to carry a
             cluster of 5 IRIDIUM global telephony satellites to low
             Earth orbit from Vandenberg AFB, California.

* July 11/12 MIR's crew to perform spacewalk inside the SPEKTR module
             to reconnect electrical power lines to the station's core
             module.

* July 15    Another McDonnell Douglas DELTA 2 vehicle is slated to
             loft the second LOCKHEED MARTIN-built NAVSTAR Block 2R
             global positioning satellite from Cape Canaveral, Florida.

* Mid July   Lockheed Martin's LMLV-1 small launch vehicle is expected
             to return to flight, lofting the TRW-built LEWIS
             experimental remote sensing satellite for NASA from
             Vandenberg AFB, California.

* July 16    Launch of a TITAN 403A heavy lift vehicle from Vandenberg
             AFB, California. The payload is classified.


   The Orbital Report On-Line is published 3 to 4 times per month
         by Takyon International (RCS Paris B 401 465 398)
            34, boulevard Exelmans, 75016 Paris, France
         Phone: +33 (0) 146 566 490 or +33 (0) 607 995 056 
          Fax: +33 (0) 146 561 355 or +33 (0) 467 607 155
                   E-mail: orbirep@worldnet.net
                     URL: www.orbireport.com
                  Chief Editor: Stefan Barensky
               Technical Contributor: Samuel Szdat

               © Takyon International - July 1997

               Takyon International also publishes
                   The Orbital Launcher Report,
            a monthly space transportation newsletter.

------------------- End of issue Vol.1, No.7 ----------------------


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